Conceptual Review of Islam and Politics in the Style of Santri

Abstract

As the foundation of the state, Pancasila holds a pivotal position in the conduct of national and state life. Derived from the values and local wisdom of the Indonesian archipelago, Pancasila was agreed upon by the nation's founders as a kalimatun sawa a common ground—uniting the diverse ethnic groups, religions, races, and social factions that identify as Indonesian citizens. However, amidst the advancement of knowledge and the emergence of ideological conflicts, Pancasila is currently facing serious challenges from conservative Islamic groups that question or even reject its status as the state ideology. They argue that Pancasila has failed to inspire the government to achieve public welfare; consequently, they contend that as a Muslim-majority nation, Indonesia ought to implement Sharia law. Amidst the turbulence caused by conservative Islamic groups, a form of hyper-nationalism has also emerged, with proponents likewise claiming to embody the values of Pancasila. In the name of Pancasila, they oppose the involvement of foreign companies, capital, and labor in the management of the nation's wealth. Conversely, in the name of upholding Pancasila as the state ideology, the government frequently takes measures against conservative Islamic groups deemed threats to national sovereignty that are perceived by some as excessive.