Strategi Kebijakan Integrasi Pelaporan Nelayan dalam Mendukung Maritime Domain Awareness Indonesia: Analisis SWOT Berbasis Literatur
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Abstract
Penguatan Maritime Domain Awareness (MDA) Indonesia membutuhkan pengelolaan informasi yang tidak hanya bertumpu pada teknologi pengawasan, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan laporan kejadian dari nelayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor internal dan eksternal yang memengaruhi integrasi pelaporan nelayan serta merumuskan alternatif strategi kebijakannya. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan melalui kajian literatur terstruktur, sintesis tematik, analisis SWOT, dan matriks TOWS. Penelusuran Scopus pada 24 Oktober 2026 menghasilkan 111 dokumen; setelah seleksi dan pemeriksaan teks lengkap, 20 artikel digunakan sebagai korpus analisis. Ekstraksi menghasilkan 41 unit bukti dalam enam tema, yang mendukung perumusan tiga kekuatan, tiga kelemahan, dua peluang, dan empat ancaman. Analisis TOWS menghasilkan sepuluh alternatif strategi, mencakup standardisasi laporan, tanda terima dan umpan balik, prosedur verifikasi, koordinasi antarlembaga, perlindungan pelapor, serta pertukaran informasi yang berwenang. Temuan menegaskan pentingnya menghubungkan sumber informasi masyarakat dengan pengelolaan informasi resmi secara bertahap. Alternatif kebijakan yang dihasilkan masih memerlukan uji kelayakan dan efektivitas operasional.
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