Musyawarah sebagai Habitus: Pembacaan Bourdieusian atas Habitualisasi Partisipasi Warga dalam Pembangunan Desa Pagung

Abstract

Village deliberation (musyawarah desa) is a participatory space mandated by Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages, yet its persistence in many villages is not merely a matter of procedural compliance but also of deeply rooted social habit. This article analyzes the process of habitualizing citizen participation in development deliberations in Pagung Village, Semen District, Kediri Regency — an agrarian, rice-farming village at the foot of Mount Wilis. The study employs Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of habitus as its primary analytical lens, which views habitus as a mental structure resulting from the internalization of the social world that simultaneously structures actors’ actions (the dialectic of structured structure and structuring structure), combined with Cohen and Uphoff’s typology of participation and the normative provisions on village deliberation in the Village Law. The research employed a qualitative case study method, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, analyzed descriptively and interpretively. The findings show that the habitualization of participation among Pagung villagers is shaped by four interrelated factors: social interaction grounded in mechanical solidarity, the role of community figures as conduits of aspiration, deeply rooted agrarian culture, values, and norms (wiwid, suro-an, the Wayang Mbah Gandrung art form), and the socio-economic condition of a predominantly farming population. The study concludes that village deliberation in Pagung has become a habitus — an internalized habit that is continuously reproduced — rather than merely a formal forum sustained by regulatory obligation, suggesting that village participation policy design must account for local socio-cultural structures rather than procedural compliance alone.

Keywords: Habitus; Habitualization; Community Participation; Village Deliberation; Pierre Bourdieu