Pengaturan Hukum Terhadap Pelanggaran Kapal Tanpa Awak (Unmanned Surface Vehicles/USVS Atau Autonomous Ships) di Perairan Indonesia dengan Pendekatan Prinsip Responsive Regulation
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Abstract
Penulisan Tesis ini membahas hadirnya Autonomous Ships di Indonesia merupakan sebuah tantangan sekaligus peluang dalam wilayah laut nasional. Adanya perkembangan teknologi yang melesat harus selalu diimbangi dengan regulasi yang memadai. Beberapa kasus di perairan Indonesia mengenai teknologi Autonomous Ships yang masuk secara ilegal menjadikan ancaman dan belum ada penyelesaiannya serta terdapat kekosonghan hukum dikarenakan Hukum Positif Indonesia belum mengantur terkait Autonomous Ships. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaturan Autonomous Ships yang ada di Indonesia, bagaimana desain formulasi Autonomous Ships di Indonesia serta menganalisis pengaturan Autonomous Ships menggunakan Teori Hukum Responsif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Indonesia saat ini belum ada pengaturan mengenai Autonomous Ships, sedangkan di Amerika Serikat meskipun belum memiliki peraturan dalam bentuk undang-undang, tetapi memiliki pengaturan administratif dalam lembaga National Oceanic and Atospheric Administration (NOAA) yang berkaca kepada pengalaman serta inisiasi pembahasan UUV secara Internasional. Bentuk formulasi regulasi Autonomous Ships di indonesia dengan membentuk Indonesian Sea and Coast Guard (ISCG) yang dinaungi oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Dibentuknya formulasi pengaturan Autonomous Ships di Indonesia telah sejalan dengan teori perspektif Hukum Responsif sebagai bentuk respon pemerintah terhadap kepastian hukum masyarakat dalam hadirnya Autonomous Ships kedepannya.
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