Anteseden Ide Bunuh Diri pada Remaja: Tinjauan Sistematik
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Abstract
Bunuh diri pada masa saat ini menjadi fenomena yang krusial dan banyak terjadi sehingga dibutuhkan penanganan yang tepat untuk mencegah hal ini semakin banyak terjadi dengan mencegah munculnya ide bunuh diri. Ide bunuh diri merupakan pikiran untuk merencanakan maupun mempertimbangkan untuk bunuh diri. Penelitian ini menggunakan tinjauan sistematik yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji 24 jurnal internasional atau menemukan berbagai anteseden dari ide bunuh diri pada remaja berdasarkan jurnal empiris yang terbit antara tahun 2020 hingga 2025. Dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang sudah ditentukan, berupa jenis jurnal, tahun, bahasa, dan subjek yang digunakan. Hasil tinjauan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa anteseden ide bunuh diri mencakup psikologis, pengalaman negatif, faktor keluarga, dan faktor perilaku. Depresi menjadi anteseden yang paling konsisten terhadap peningkatan ide bunuh diri, berbagai bentuk perundungan, rendahnya keberfungsian keluarga, kontrol orang tua, serta pola tidur yang buruk dan kecanduan internet maupun game menjadi anteseden yang dapat meningkatkan ide bunuh diri pada remaja. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa ide bunuh diri ini terjadi karena interaksi yang kompleks antara faktor internal dan eksternal.
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