Dari Rekrutmen hingga Profesionalisme: Model Manajemen Pendidikan Terpadu untuk Mencetak Prajurit Laut yang Unggul dan Tangguh
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Abstract
Pendidikan militer matra laut Indonesia menghadapi tantangan peningkatan ancaman maritim global, baik tradisional maupun nontradisional. Institusi pendidikan dituntut mencetak prajurit yang unggul secara teknis, berkarakter, berkepemimpinan adaptif, dan bermental tangguh. Sistem pembinaan prajurit saat ini masih fragmentaris, terlihat dari kesenjangan antara fase rekrutmen, pendidikan dasar, dan penugasan operasional. Penelitian ini merumuskan Model Manajemen Pendidikan Terpadu yang menyinergikan siklus pembinaan prajurit laut, dari rekrutmen hingga pengembangan profesionalisme lanjutan. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan studi komparatif model pendidikan angkatan laut di lima negara (Amerika Serikat, Inggris, Australia, Jepang, dan Singapura), penelitian ini membedah rekrutmen, kurikulum, pendidikan karakter, dan manajemen karier di TNI Angkatan Laut. Efektivitas model terpadu ini bergantung pada integrasi empat pilar utama: (1) Rekrutmen Berbasis Kompetensi yang menyeimbangkan kapasitas intelektual dan ketahanan psikologis; (2) Kurikulum Adaptif yang menyatukan penguasaan teknologi maritim modern dengan tradisi kebaharian; (3) Pendidikan Karakter Terintegrasi yang mengoptimalkan metode pengajaran, pelatihan, dan pengasuhan; serta (4) Manajemen Karier Berkelanjutan yang bersendikan sistem meritokrasi. Model ini berpijak pada teori profesionalisme militer Huntington (1957) dan Janowitz (1960), teori modal manusia Becker (1964), serta kerangka evaluasi Kirkpatrick dan Phillips. Implementasi model ini dapat menjadi rujukan institusi pendidikan militer dalam mencetak prajurit laut berintegritas untuk menjaga kedaulatan maritim nasional.
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