Logika Maqāṣid Konsep Rupiah Digital Dalam UU No. 4 Tahun 2023
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Abstract
Perkembangan teknologi digital telah mendorong penerapan Rupiah Digital sebagai Mata Uang Digital Bank Sentral (DBI) berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2023. Rupiah Digital diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi transaksi, memperluas inklusi keuangan, dan menjaga stabilitas moneter. Namun, penerapannya menghadapi tantangan dari segi regulasi, keamanan, dan pemerataan akses bagi seluruh lapisan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan maqāṣid al-muʿāmalah, dengan menganalisis Rupiah Digital berdasarkan lima prinsip utama: ar-rawāj (peredaran kekayaan), al-wuḍūḥ (transparansi), al-ḥifẓ (perlindungan aset), ats-tsabāt (stabilitas), dan al-‘adl (keadilan). Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rupiah Digital berpotensi meningkatkan transparansi dan aksesibilitas keuangan, tetapi memerlukan regulasi yang lebih inklusif untuk mencegah kesenjangan digital. Kerangka maqāṣid al-muʿāmalah menyoroti pentingnya menyeimbangkan efisiensi teknologi dengan perlindungan pengguna. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan Rupiah Digital bergantung pada desain kebijakan yang mengutamakan keadilan ekonomi, perlindungan aset, dan distribusi manfaat yang adil di semua lapisan masyarakat. Dengan mengadopsi pendekatan maqāṣid, implementasi Rupiah Digital dapat diposisikan sebagai instrumen keuangan yang tidak hanya inovatif tetapi juga selaras dengan prinsip-prinsip keuangan Islam.
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