Geopolitik, Fintech, Inflasi dan Fragilitas Ekonomi Dunia: Sebuah Tinjauan Bibliometrik atas Konflik di Timur Tengah
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Abstract
Meningkatnya ketegangan geopolitik global dalam satu dekade terakhir telah memperkuat hubungan antara risiko politik internasional, stabilitas keuangan, inflasi, dan perkembangan teknologi keuangan. Kondisi ini mendorong perlunya pemetaan komprehensif terhadap perkembangan literatur yang membahas keterkaitan antara risiko geopolitik, Financial Technology (Fintech), inflasi, dan fragilitas ekonomi global. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan lanskap intelektual global mengenai tema tersebut selama periode 2016–2026. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review berbasis protokol PRISMA yang dipadukan dengan analisis bibliometrik. Sebanyak 973 dokumen terpilih dianalisis dan divisualisasikan menggunakan VOSviewer untuk mengidentifikasi pola perkembangan penelitian, tema dominan, dan arah riset masa depan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eskalasi konflik di Timur Tengah telah berkembang menjadi salah satu sumber utama ketidakpastian ekonomi global. Dampaknya ditransmisikan terutama melalui sektor energi, di mana volatilitas harga memicu tekanan inflasi berbasis biaya (cost-push inflation), mendorong kebijakan moneter yang lebih ketat, dan meningkatkan kerentanan sistem keuangan global. Analisis bibliometrik mengidentifikasi empat klaster utama penelitian, yaitu risiko geopolitik dan energi, pasar keuangan dan aset safe-haven, inovasi keuangan berbasis Fintech, serta stabilitas makroekonomi. Selain itu, analisis overlay menunjukkan adanya pergeseran paradigma penelitian menuju integrasi Fintech dan aset digital sebagai instrumen baru untuk meningkatkan resiliensi ekonomi dalam menghadapi ketidakpastian global. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya inovasi keuangan digital sebagai salah satu strategi adaptif dalam menjaga stabilitas ekonomi di tengah dinamika geopolitik yang semakin kompleks
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